Cultivate students' good English learning habits，Improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching
[Abstract]The famous educator Mr. Ye Shengtao said :" What is education, a simple sentence, is to cultivate good habits ." English Curriculum Standard (Experimental Draft) also proposed :" Cultivate students good study habits ." Students should develop good study habits under the guidance of teachers, so as to carry out independent understanding and practical activities. The source of students in our school mainly comes from Xingxian Primary School, and there are some students who study well out, but the influence of the inherent living environment, cultural atmosphere, parents' cultural level and other factors in our school, the students' study habits are generally poor. Through analysis, it is found that one of the important reasons for the difference of students' learning effect is whether they have good study habits. Therefore, from the beginning of learning English in junior middle school, we should strengthen the cultivation of students' study habits from three aspects: pre-class preparation, class and after-class review, so as to effectively improve the teaching quality.
[Key words]Develop English Learning Habits for Active Learning
The nine-year compulsory education full-time junior high school English syllabus stipulates :" the compulsory education full-time junior high school English teaching goal is through the listening, speaking, reading, writing training, to cultivate the student good study habit...... ." The new curriculum standard also pays special attention to the cultivation of study habits. Junior high school is the best time for habits such as living habits, hygiene habits, especially learning habits. Once a good habit is formed, it will become a great force on the road of life and benefit for life; conversely, ignoring the cultivation of good habits and making bad habits form bad habits will delay life. Junior high school is an important starting stage of English learning, and good study habits will pave the way for English learning.
Modern teaching theory holds that the basic task of teaching is not only to impart knowledge, but also to teach students how to acquire knowledge. "To give people fish, only for one meal; to give people to fish, life is endless ." The statistics of teaching research at home and abroad show that for the vast majority of students ,20% of the learning is related to intellectual factors and 80% to non-intellectual factors. In confidence, will, habit, interest, character and other major non-intellectual factors, habit also occupies an important position. Scientific research has proved that it is beneficial to the normal development of students to establish a reasonable learning style and cultivate their good study habits. In today's era, learning is more important than learning knowledge, because the development of society needs people to learn constantly, teaching students will learn will benefit students for life. Whether or not to learn often depends on the students' learning habits. If the students have good study habits, they will have higher learning consciousness, study conscientiously, learn to study; if the study habits are not good, the students will have poor consciousness, and then a series of problems will arise, and they will not even learn. And then produce weariness.
1. Habits and Learning Habits
What is habit? "Habit" is a long time gradually formed mode of action, is not easy to change in the short-term behavior tendency, it is an important part of a person's personality. The so-called "study habit" refers to the automatic physical and psychological operation mode in which the main body of the student is repeated, practiced, or strengthened and consolidated many times in the long learning process, which is not easy to change. The ultimate purpose of cultivating students' learning habits is to make students form learning ability. Once a good study habit is formed, it is helpful to improve learning efficiency and achieve twice the result with half the effort. Therefore, English teachers should take cultivating students' good habits of learning English as one of the important tasks of education, so as to change the situation that it is difficult for rural middle school students to learn English.
necessity of cultivating good English study habits.
(1)The English teaching in our country, it is mainly a traditional teacher-based knowledge teaching activity. Students are in the position of passively accepting knowledge, and students lack the ability to acquire new knowledge and apply it independently. Therefore, the transformation of the old English learning model is very urgent.
(2)Today, information changes in an instant, human knowledge is growing rapidly, students in the middle school learning stage, can only learn some of the most basic, the most basic knowledge of English, and more knowledge, can only rely on students in the future further study or lifelong learning. Therefore, from the point of view of students, developing good study habits is not only the need of immediate school study, but also the need of continuing study and lifelong learning in the future.
(3)Good study habits is the premise of cultivating self-study ability. An independent learner should have good study habits.
(4)The development and cultivation of good learning habits is a concrete implementation project under the framework of the comprehensive subject project of the new curriculum reform, and the long-term goal of the curriculum reform is to establish students' consciousness of autonomous learning and cultivate their good study habits. To ensure future continuous learning, lifelong learning needs.
(5)Our teachers often ignore the cultivation of students' learning habits in teaching, so that students are only a receiver, they will only passively absorb the contents taught by the teacher, and will not take the initiative to acquire knowledge.
and means of developing good study habits in English learning
In junior high school English study, we should pay special attention to cultivate the habit of serious study, good at thinking, diligent in using the brain to move the mouth. Cultivate the habit of independent learning, active exploration, positive enterprising, from the "pre-class preview, class, after-class review" three links.
3.1. Begood at guiding students to prepare before class
The ancients said :" everything is prepared to stand, not to waste ." Facts have proved that preview and then study, review and practice, very helpful to improve learning efficiency. In classroom teaching, preview before class is very important. Through preview, students can find out the problems they do not understand, so as to improve the efficiency of class. The problem is that a considerable number of students do not make study plans, rely on teachers, accustomed to waiting for teachers to explain the analysis, no preview habit. Without the cooperation of all the students in the preparation, teachers often have to accommodate the students with poor foundation and passive learning in the classroom, and spend their time on reviewing English words, familiarizing themselves with the text and introducing relevant knowledge, but it is difficult to concentrate on guiding students to solve key and difficult points. It is difficult to consolidate knowledge, cultivate ability and further improve the efficiency of English teaching through necessary exercises.
In view of the above phenomenon, it is necessary to explain to the students the significance of the preview, but also to solemnly arrange the preview, explain the requirements, and indicate the method. In the classroom, we should always check the preview, and praise the students who are careful, fluent in dialogue with teachers and correct in answering questions at any time. For example, each of our students has English tapes matching the text, but most of the students have learned the tape well, which is a waste of teaching resources! So I asked the students to follow the new words in the tape and check them in their spare time. Praise all the students who read correctly, criticize the bad students and point out that he will be checked next time, hoping he can make progress. As the saying goes ," habit becomes nature ." After a period of hard work, students no longer need teachers to force the request, whenever I have to take a new class, the classroom is a strong learning atmosphere for students to preview new words. Students are reasonable, when the preview effect appears in the learning process, learning efficiency gradually improved, they will cooperate with teachers and teaching, consciously request their own careful preparation, so that classroom learning more effective.
Preview plays an inestimable role in the whole process of learning knowledge. Students can record any problems they encounter in preparation, write them on a book, or write them on a piece of paper, and hand them over to the teacher. In this way, the teacher naturally understands what needs to be explained in the classroom, which not only improves the efficiency of classroom teaching but also cultivates the students' self-study ability. It is a good way to kill two birds with one stone.
3.2. Organize teaching carefully and optimize teaching methods
Class is the main channel for students to acquire knowledge, so to seize the classroom is to seize the time, seize the future. However, the image of "absentmindedness" in the classroom is very serious in junior high school students, some even daydream, and the mind is in a blank state. As for only listening to the teacher to analyze, learning in a passive position, without thinking, do not understand the students are there. Pay attention to classroom management, grasp the quality of teaching, so we must pay attention to 45 minutes of classroom time, meticulously organize teaching, optimize teaching methods.
(1) Articulate oral presentation before class
English is a kind of information carrier, a communication tool, constantly listening, speaking, reading and writing, trying to express life feelings and rational thinking in English, is an effective way to learn and master English. For this reason, I arranged the special form of "oral expression before class" to create English speaking for students, to express their own life and personality in English, to cultivate students' interest in learning English, and to guide students to learn to develop and learn actively. Of course, taking the initiative to express new feelings, new thinking, flexible use of English knowledge, far more difficult than listening to the teacher explain in detail, reciting words, sentence patterns, grammar. At the same time, in line with the principle of facing all students, I arrange my oral expression every day before class to several students on duty on that day, and let them freely combine to perform their own programs, the content is unlimited, the length of their own, various forms, There are fairy tales, allusions, small stories changed in English, but also from the actual life. This greatly improves students' interest in learning English, promotes students to learn English well, improves their ability to use English, and in this process, cultivates students' initiative and rigorous style of study, and cultivates good study habits.
(2) Adopt flexible teaching methods to cultivate students' study habits
Good scholars, active participation in learning. Good teachers guide students to take part in learning. Students will not concentrate in the English classroom, distraction, thinking is not active, then teaching efficiency is naturally not high. How can we change students from passive participation to active participation, so as to improve the quality of students' participation and improve the effect of higher education?
Stimulate interest, guide students to participate in English classroom, awaken students' main participation. Confucius said ," The best is not as good as the good, and the good is not as good as the happy ." English teachers should focus on how to stimulate and maintain students' strong interest in English learning. This requires English teachers to grasp the interest of the teaching materials in the teaching process, to use various visual teaching aids to create vivid language communication situations, to make good use of multimedia, and to mobilize various teaching resources. Make students learn English in real situations, experience the interest of English learning and enjoy the fun of English learning. When students are interested in English, they become "happy people ", then in class, students can manage their classroom attention independently, students can actively participate in English classroom activities, and when students are involved in classroom activities, the more interesting they are, the more interested they will be. Interest stimulates students' participation and promotes a stronger interest, so that students' active participation is stimulated. In learning activities, their thinking is proactive, and they are masters of learning,
Change passive acceptance into active search for knowledge. Learning consciousness has increased, not only active participation in class, but also "prick up dexterous ears "," open eyes for knowledge ", and English learning has become wider. In seeking knowledge, middle school students will form their own learning methods. Efficiency will be greatly improved.
Enlighten thinking, mobilize students' emotional and intellectual participation in English teaching, and attach importance to students' experience participation. English teaching should not use mechanical participation to occupy the classroom. Some English classroom students do participate, but often in a class, students' most enthusiastic participation is only to stay on the reading aloud, reading aloud is necessary for English learning, but mechanical reading back can not arouse students' ideological participation, nor can they arouse their emotional and intellectual participation. In English teaching, we should use heuristic teaching in foreign language situations, pay attention to intensive teaching and practice, and communicate through questioning, dialogue, etc. Practice content should be novel, vivid, diverse and flexible. At the same time mobilize students to participate in a variety of analytical organs. For example, set task teaching, let students use learned English language to solve problems and complete tasks. Lead students to actively participate and experience participation in as real a situation as possible. Through the use of English language, students are full of confidence, happy practice of speaking English, the classroom is often full of songs and laughter, students can be excited for the use of learning, in a relaxed and pleasant classroom atmosphere, Guide students to carry out strong intellectual activities. Such participation is high quality participation in learning.
Encourage participation and create an atmosphere of active participation and independent development of English classroom teaching. English teachers should be able to bring smiles, encouragement, fun and humor into the classroom, using various modern teaching methods to inspire students to think; allow students to speak; lead students to do. Respect students' personality differences and use various channels and means to expand the scope and points of students' participation in learning. Such as playing English movies, television, slides, video and other materials; recommend to students to read a simple reading book reflecting foreign culture; organize English corner, English performance meetings, so that students with different personalities and students with different interests can actively participate in classroom learning. In short, students participate in learning in English classroom, so that students learn to learn English language knowledge at the same time. Only by paying attention to the students' learning participation can we really improve the teaching efficiency.
4. Extends from class to class
Middle school students learn English, in addition to the limited time in class, that is after-school time. If the student does not have the time and the opportunity to digest the language knowledge learned in the classroom, his academic achievement will be difficult to stabilize, then it will not be improved at all. Therefore, it is very meaningful for teachers to make good use of their spare time and cultivate students' good study habits.
4.1Cultivate students' habit of reviewing on time and finish their homework carefully
Because of the lack of English language environment around our life, students tend to forget, which is very bad for young students who have just learned English. In order for knowledge and skills to be consolidated and strengthened, teachers must encourage students to overcome difficulties and forgetfulness bravely, and guide them to review, remember and practice frequently. Therefore, according to the different grades and links, teachers should assign some listening, speaking, reading, writing and reciting homework to students in moderation, and constantly digest and consolidate the knowledge and skills they have learned. On the basis of traditional homework, we should study how to enrich homework: from the aspects of diversity, hierarchy, interest and orientation, inspiration and development.
ching students' extracurricular activities
In the teaching suggestion, the new curriculum standard advocates teachers to adopt the teaching approach of "constructivism theory" to avoid simply imparting language knowledge, and the design of this kind of activity should not be limited to classroom teaching, but also extend to extracurricular study and life. Extracurricular activities are an important part of English learning in middle schools. Therefore, it is very meaningful for teachers to create a certain language environment for students and provide opportunities for contact and use of English outside the limited classroom teaching time. For example: organizing language games, competitions, opening up English corner, holding English interest groups, rehearsing English entertainment programs, emphasizing the use of English greetings between teachers and students, asking students to use their English in their daily life, giving rewards to students who have done well, and so on. In order to create an atmosphere of speaking English, encourage students to speak English more.
Some people say that behavior forms habits, habits create character, character determines fate. Habits are a habit and an energy saving. People who develop good study habits have greater potential energy than those who do not develop good habits and those who develop bad study habits. There is no favorable English learning environment for rural students in China, so it is more important to cultivate students' good English learning habits. The cultivation and training of good study habits is long-term. Teachers should carry out one by one in the teaching process step by step, planned and targeted, start as soon as possible, teach students according to their aptitude, strictly require and persevere. Students will develop good English learning habits in constant guidance and supervision, so that students not only learn English knowledge and skills, but also form the ability of autonomous learning, laying the foundation for students' lifelong learning and development.
参考文献
1、燕国材：“再论学习论”《中学教育》江苏人民出版社。1999年第6期
2、刘清波：“论良好学习习惯形成的机智”《中学教育》江苏人民出版社。1999年第2期
3、孟先乐：“新课程标准发展为本”《走进新课程》浙江教育科学研究院2002年12月
4、肖川：“新课程与学习方式变革”《走进新课程》浙江教育科学研究院2002年12月
5、钟启泉,2003,《新课程的理念与创新——师范生读本》[M]，北京：高等教育出版社。
6、郭元祥，2003，《综合实践活动课程的实施》[M]，北京：高等教育出版社。
7、曾葡初, 龙爱湘，2000， 英语课堂教学与课堂活动[J]，《课程.教材.教法》第二期。
9、互联网论文库